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Structural shifts in the intestinal microbiota of rats treated with cyclosporine A after orthotropic liver transplantation

Junjun Jia, Xinyao Tian, Jianwen Jiang, Zhigang Ren, Haifeng Lu, Ning He, Haiyang Xie, Lin Zhou, Shusen Zheng

《医学前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第4期   页码 451-460 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0675-3

摘要： Understanding the effect of immunosuppressive agents on intestinal microbiota is important to reduce the mortality and morbidity from orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). We investigated the relationship between the commonly used immunosuppressive agent cyclosporine A (CSA) and the intestinal microbial variation in an OLT model. The rat samples were divided as follows: (1) N group (normal control); (2) I group (isograft LT, Brown Norway [BN] rat to BN); (3) R group (allograft LT, Lewis to BN rat); and (4) CSA group (R group treated with CSA). The intestinal microbiota was assayed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles and by using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The liver histopathology and the alanine/aspartate aminotransferase ratio after LT were both ameliorated by CSA. In the CSA group, the numbers of rDNA gene copies of cluster I, cluster XIV, and Enterobacteriaceae decreased, whereas those of increased compared with the R group. Cluster analysis indicated that the samples from the N, I, and CSA groups were clustered, whereas the other clusters contained the samples from the R group. Hence, CSA ameliorates hepatic graft injury and partially restores gut microbiota following LT, and these may benefit hepatic graft rejection.

关键词： microbial community     liver transplantation     immunosuppressive agents     cyclosporine A    

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Evaluation of 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antibacterial agents: activity and mechanistic studies

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1631-2

摘要：

● All 1,4-naphthoquinone hybrids exhibited significant antimicrobial activity.

关键词： 1     4-naphthoquinone derivatives     Antibacterial     Action mechanism     RecA    

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Novel lysosome-targeted anticancer fluorescent agents used in zebrafish and nude mouse tumour imaging

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 112-120 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2075-5

摘要： The design of three novel fatty nitrogen mustard-based anticancer agents with fluorophores incorporated into the alkene structure (CXL 118, CXL121, and CXL122) is described in this report. The results indicated that these compounds are selectively located in lysosomes and exhibit effective antitumour activity. Notably, these compounds can directly serve as both reporting and imaging agents in vitro and in vivo without the need to add other fluorescent tagging agents.

关键词： fluorescent drug     lysosomal     anticancer     zebrafish     nude-mouse tumour imaging    

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Comparison of masking agents for antimony speciation analysis using hydride generation atomic fluorescence

Jianhong XI,Mengchang HE,Kunpeng WANG,Guizhi ZHANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第6期   页码 970-978 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0716-3

摘要： A sensitive atomic spectrometric method for the redox speciation analysis of Sb in water is described. The proposed method is based on the selective generation of stibine from Sb(III) in a continuous flow system using non-dispersive atomic fluorescence spectrometry for detection. The effects of the HCl concentration on the fluorescence intensities of Sb(III) and Sb(V) were investigated. The results indicated that atomic fluorescence emission due to Sb(V) can constructively interfere with the determination of Sb(III). For the determination of Sb(III), four compounds were tested as masking agents to inhibit the generation of stibine from Sb(V). The effects of the concentrations of the masking agents and of HCl on the fluorescence signals from Sb(III) and Sb(V) were studied. The results indicated that citric acid and NaF can successfully suppress hydride generation from Sb(V). To evaluate the developed methodology and the influence of the matrix, the recovery of Sb(III) from natural water that was spiked with different Sb(III) and Sb(V) concentrations was tested.

关键词： Sb(III)     Sb(V)     determination     masking agents     hydride generation (HG-AFS)    

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Screening of textile finishing agents available on the Chinese market: An important source of per- and

Mehvish Mumtaz, Yixiang Bao, Wenchao Li, Lingxiao Kong, Jun Huang, Gang Yu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1145-0

摘要： Kendrick mass defect was used for PFASs screening in textile finishing agents (TFAs). Total oxidizable precursor assay provides insight into unknown precursors. Perfluorooctane sulfonate was found as impurity in short ECF technology based TFAs. Perfluorooctanoate was also detected in C6 telomerization based TFAs. Long chain precursors were also observed in both types of TFAs. Organofluorinated surfactants are widely employed in textile finishing agents (TFAs) to achieve oil, water, and stain repellency. This has been regarded as an important emission source of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) to the environment. China is the biggest manufacturer of clothes, and thus TFA production is also a relevant industrial activity. Nevertheless, to date, no survey has been conducted on PFAS contents in commercially available TFAs. In the present study, TFA products were investigated by the Kendrick mass defect method. The quantification results demonstrated a significant presence of perfluorooctane sulfonate (0.37 mg/L) in TFAs manufactured by electrochemical fluorination technology. The products obtained by short-chain PFAS-based telomerization were dominated by perfluorooctanoic acid (mean concentration: 0.29 mg/L), whose values exceeded the limits stated in the European Chemical Agency guidelines (0.025 mg/L). Moreover, the total oxidizable precursor assay indicated high levels of indirectly quantified precursors with long alkyl chains (C7–C9). Together, these results suggest that there is currently a certain of environmental and health risks in China that originates from the utilization of TFAs, and a better manufacturing processes are required to reduce such risks.

关键词： Textile finishing agents     Kendrick mass defect     Total oxidizable precursor assay    

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Discovery of novel ursolic acid derivatives as effective antimicrobial agents through a ROS-mediated

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第12期   页码 2101-2113 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2361-5

摘要： In response to the reduction of food production and economic losses caused by plant bacterial diseases, it is necessary to develop new, efficient, and green pesticides. Natural products are rich and sustainable source for the development of new pesticides due to their low toxicity, easy degradation, and eco-friendliness. In this study, we prepared three series of ursolic acid derivatives and assessed their antibacterial ability. Most target compounds exhibited outstanding antibacterial activities. Among them, the relative optimal EC50 values of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri were 2.23 (A17) and 1.39 (A16) μg·mL–1, respectively. The antimicrobial mechanism showed that compound A17 induced an excessive accumulation and production of reactive oxygen species in bacteria and damaged the cell membrane integrity to kill bacteria. More interestingly, the addition of low concentrations of exogenous hydrogen peroxide enhanced the antibacterial efficacy of compound A17 against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. These entertaining results suggested that compound A17 induced an apparent apoptotic behavior in the tested bacteria. Overall, we developed the promising antimicrobial agents that destroyed the redox system of phytopathogenic bacteria, further demonstrating the unprecedented potential of ursolic acid for agricultural applications.

关键词： ursolic acid     antibacterial activities     reactive oxygen species     apoptosis    

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Discovery of cryptolepine derivatives as novel promising agents against phytopathogenic bacteria

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期   页码 156-166 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2196-5

摘要： To ensure the production of food crops, a series of cryptolepine derivatives were synthesised, after which their antibacterial activities and mechanism of action against three plant pathogens were investigated. Our bioassay results indicated that most of the target compounds displayed potent inhibitory effects against Xanthomonas oryzae (X. oryzae) and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (X. axonopodis pv. c.). Remarkably, compound 9 exhibited the best in vitro antibacterial activity against X. oryzae, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 0.78 μg·mL–1. Compound 2 exhibited the best in vitro antibacterial activity against X. axonopodis pv. c., with an MIC value of 0.39 μg·mL–1. These activities were superior to those of copper quinolate (MIC = 6.25, 25 μg·mL–1) and thiodiazole copper (MIC = 100, 200 μg·mL–1) against X. oryzae and X. axonopodis pv. c. In vivo experiments demonstrated the promising applicability of compound 9 for the control of rice bacterial infections. Furthermore, compound 9 was selected as a candidate to conduct preliminary analyses of the antibacterial mechanisms of cryptolepine derivatives. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy observations, extracellular polysaccharide production, biofilm formation, transcriptomic, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses, and molecular docking assays were performed. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that compound 9 might act via multifarious mechanisms to down-regulate virulence factors and cause cell death.

关键词： cryptolepine derivatives     phytopathogenic bacteria     antibacterial activity     mechanism of action    

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BIOINSECTICIDES AS FUTURE MAINSTREAM PEST CONTROL AGENTS: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第1期   页码 82-97 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021404

摘要：

Bioinsecticides are naturally-occurring substances from different sources that control insect pests. Ideal bioinsecticides should have low toxicity to non-target organisms. They should also be easily degraded in sewage treatment works and natural environments, highly effective in small quantities and affect target pests only. Public concerns about possible side-effects of synthetic pesticides have accelerated bioinsecticide research and development. However, to develop bioinsecticides into mainstream products, their high production costs, short shelf-life and often uncertain modes of action need to be considered. This review summarizes current progress on bioinsecticides which are categorized as biochemical insecticides and their derivatives, plant-incorporated protectants, and microbial bioinsecticides. The current constraints that prevent bioinsecticides from being widely used are discussed and future research directions are proposed.

 

关键词： biochemical insecticide / bioinsecticide / microbial bioinsecticides / plant-incorporated protectant / RNA insecticide    

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Antimicrobial activity of topical agents against Propionibacterium acnes: an in vitro study of clinical

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期   页码 517-521 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0480-9

摘要：

This study aimed to compare the antimicrobial activities of topical agents against Propionibacterium acnes isolated from patients admitted to a hospital in Shanghai, China. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the cultured P. acnes were determined in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Susceptibilities to clindamycin and erythromycin were compared in terms of gender, age, disease duration, previous treatment, and disease severity. A total of 69 P. acnes strains were isolated from 98 patients (70.41%). The susceptibility to triple antibiotic ointment (neomycin/bacitracin/polymyxin B) and bacitracin was 100%. The susceptibility to fusidic acid was 92.7%. The resistance rates to neomycin sulfate, erythromycin, and clindamycin were 11.7%, 49.3%, and 33.4%, respectively. The high resistance rate to clindamycin and erythromycin was significantly affected by gender, previous treatment, and disease severity rather than by age and disease duration. Topical antibiotics should not be used separately for long-term therapy to avoid multiresistance. The use of topical antibiotics should be determined by clinicians on the basis of clinical conditions.

关键词： antimicrobial susceptibility/resistance     Propionibacterium acnes     topical antibiotics     in vitro study    

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Triterpenoid inducers of Nrf2 signaling as potential therapeutic agents in sickle cell disease: a review

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第1期   页码 46-56 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0375-1

摘要：

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited disorder of hemoglobin in which the abnormal hemoglobin S polymerizes when deoxygenated. This polymerization of hemoglobin S not only results in hemolysis and vaso-occlusion but also precipitates inflammation, oxidative stress and chronic organ dysfunction. Oxidative stress is increasingly recognized as an important intermediate in these pathophysiological processes and is therefore an important target for therapeutic intervention. The transcription factor nuclear erythroid derived- 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) controls the expression of anti-oxidant enzymes and is emerging as a protein whose function can be exploited with therapeutic intent. This review article is focused on triterpenoids that activate Nrf2, and their potential for reducing oxidative stress in SCD as an approach to prevent organ dysfunction associated with this disease. A brief overview of oxidative stress in the clinical context of SCD is accompanied by a discussion of several pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to oxidative stress. Finally, these mechanisms are then related to current management strategies in SCD that are either utilized currently or under evaluation. The article concludes with a perspective on the potential of the various therapeutic interventions to reduce oxidative stress and morbidity associated with SCD.

关键词： oxidative stress     Nrf2     triterpenoids     sickle cell disease     vaso-occlusion     CDDO-Me    

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Self-etching adhesives: possible new pulp capping agents to vital pulp therapy

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 77-79 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0104-8

摘要：

Pulp capping is one of the solving for keeping vital pulp in the case of dentin caries, reversible pulpitis or traumatic pulp exposure. The presence of bacteria on the cavity walls or in the pulp was the major factor that leads to the failure of pulp capping. Traditional pulp capping agent, calcium hydroxide, may not prevent microleakage. Self-etching system is a newly developed adhesive system, which could provide less microleakage and would not break down or dissolve, preventing the oral fluids and bacteria from the pulp along the cavity wall. This may reduce such clinical problems as postoperative sensitivity, secondary caries and marginal discoloration. Researches showed that some kinds of self-etching adhesives induced the mild to moderate inflammatory pulp response, with negative bacterial staining. Inclusion of antibacterial components into self-etching system, such as 12- methacryloyloxydodecylpyridinium bromide (MDPB) may inhibit bacteria and provide better clinical effects. It is speculated that using the self-etching adhesive system containing the antibacterial agent, such as MDPB, to the dental pulp directly or indirectly, may inhibit bacteria after the placement of restoration as well as residual bacteria in the cavity.

关键词： dental pulp     pulp capping     self-etching adhesives     antibacterial components    

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Etiology of invasive candidosis agents in Russia: a multicenter epidemiological survey

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 84-91 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0612-x

摘要：

A multicenter prospective epidemiological survey on the etiologic agents of invasive candidosis was conducted in Russia in the period of 2012–2014. Samples were collected from 284 patients with invasive candidosis and Candida species isolated by culture. The species were identified by DNA sequencing and MALDI-TOF mass-spectrometry. A total of 322 isolates were recovered, in which 96% of Сandida species belonged to six major species, namely, C. albicans (43.2%), C. parapsilosis (20.2%), C. glabrata (11.5%), C. tropicalis (9.6%), C. krusei (6.2%), and C. guilliermondii (5.3%). Most Candida species were isolated from blood samples (83.23%). Notably, the prevalence rate of C. albicans reduced from 52.38% to 32.79% (2012 vs. 2014) (P=0.01) whereas that of non-C. albicans increased from 47.62% (2012) to 67.21% (2014) (P<0.01). Species distribution differed among geographical regions; specifically, the prevalence rate of C. albicans as an etiologic agent of invasive candidosis in Siberian Federal region was significantly higher than that in other Federal regions. Results indicated a shift from C. albicans to non-C. albicans. Therefore, a detailed investigation on the contributing factors and appropriate treatment of invasive candidosis is needed.

关键词： prevalence     &Scy     andida species     invasive candidosis     nosocomial     etiology     MALDI-TOF mass-spectrometry     candidemia    

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针对意外崩溃智能体的教练辅助多智能体强化学习框架 Research Article

赵鉴1,赵有朋1,王维埙2,阳明宇1,胡迅晗1,周文罡1,郝建业2,李厚强1

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第23卷 第7期   页码 1032-1042 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2100594

摘要： 多智能体强化学习在实际场景中很难应用，一部分原因在于模拟环境和现实环境之间存在差距。造成这种差距的一个原因是，模拟系统总是假设智能体可以一直正常工作，而实际上，由于不可避免的硬件或软件故障，一个或多个智能体可能会在合作过程中意外 “崩溃”。这样的崩溃会破坏智能体之间的合作，导致系统性能下降。本文中，我们给出了意外崩溃情况下合作多智能体强化学习系统的正式定义。为增强系统应对崩溃时的鲁棒性，提出教练辅助多智能体强化学习框架，其在训练过程中引入一个虚拟教练智能体，以调整系统的崩溃概率。为教练智能体设计了3种教练策略和重采样策略。据我们所知，这是研究多智能体系统中意外崩溃情况的首项工作。在网格环境和星际争霸微管理任务上的大量实验表明，相比固定崩溃概率和课程学习的教练策略，自适应策略更加有效。消融实验进一步展现了重采样策略的有效性。

关键词： 多智能体系统；强化学习；意外崩溃智能体    

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preliminary version was presented at the 13th International Conference on Practical Applications of Agents

J. A. RINCON,J. BAJO,A. FERNANDEZ,V. JULIAN,C. CARRASCOSA

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第17卷 第4期   页码 325-337 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500343

摘要： Human-agent societies refer to applications where virtual agents and humans coexist and interact transparently into a fully integrated environment. One of the most important aspects in this kind of applications is including emotional states of the agents (humans or not) in the decision-making process. In this sense, this paper presents the applicability of the JaCalIVE (Jason Cartago implemented intelligent virtual environment) framework for developing this kind of society. Specifically, the paper presents an ambient intelligence application where humans are immersed into a system that extracts and analyzes the emotional state of a human group. A social emotional model is employed to try to maximize the welfare of those humans by playing the most appropriate music in every moment.

关键词： Multi-agent systems     Virtual environments     Emotional agents    

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Safety issues of methylglyoxal and potential scavengers

Shiming LI, Siyu LIU, Chi-Tang HO

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第3期   页码 312-320 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017174

摘要：

The health safety of methylglyoxal (MGO) has been recognized as a key issue owing to its ultra-high reactivity toward some key biomolecules such as amino acids, proteins, DNA, sulfhydryl- and basic nitrogen-containing compounds, including amino-bearing neurotransmitters. In this review, we have summarized the endo- and exogenous sources of MGO and its accumulation inside the body due to high intake, abnormal glucose metabolism and or malfunctioning glyoxalases, and review the debate concerning the adverse functionality of MGO ingested from foods. Higher than normal concentrations of MGO in the circulatory system and tissues have been found to be closely associated with the production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), increased oxidative stress, elevated inflammation and RAGE (AGE receptors) activity, which subsequently progresses to a pathological stage of human health, such as diabetes complications, cancer, cardiovascular and degenerative diseases. Having illustrated the mechanisms of MGO trapping in vivo, we advocate the development of efficient and efficacious MGO scavengers, either assisting or enhancing the activity of endogenous glyoxalases to facilitate MGO removal, or providing phytochemicals and functional foods containing them, or pharmaceuticals to irreversibly bind MGO and thus form MGO-complexes that are cleared from the body.

关键词： reactive carbonyl species     advanced glycation end products     diabetes     brain health     methylglyoxal trapping agents    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Structural shifts in the intestinal microbiota of rats treated with cyclosporine A after orthotropic liver transplantation

Junjun Jia, Xinyao Tian, Jianwen Jiang, Zhigang Ren, Haifeng Lu, Ning He, Haiyang Xie, Lin Zhou, Shusen Zheng

期刊论文

Evaluation of 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antibacterial agents: activity and mechanistic studies

期刊论文

Novel lysosome-targeted anticancer fluorescent agents used in zebrafish and nude mouse tumour imaging

期刊论文

Comparison of masking agents for antimony speciation analysis using hydride generation atomic fluorescence

Jianhong XI,Mengchang HE,Kunpeng WANG,Guizhi ZHANG

期刊论文

Screening of textile finishing agents available on the Chinese market: An important source of per- and

Mehvish Mumtaz, Yixiang Bao, Wenchao Li, Lingxiao Kong, Jun Huang, Gang Yu

期刊论文

Discovery of novel ursolic acid derivatives as effective antimicrobial agents through a ROS-mediated

期刊论文

Discovery of cryptolepine derivatives as novel promising agents against phytopathogenic bacteria

期刊论文

BIOINSECTICIDES AS FUTURE MAINSTREAM PEST CONTROL AGENTS: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES

期刊论文

Antimicrobial activity of topical agents against Propionibacterium acnes: an in vitro study of clinical

null

期刊论文

Triterpenoid inducers of Nrf2 signaling as potential therapeutic agents in sickle cell disease: a review

null

期刊论文

Self-etching adhesives: possible new pulp capping agents to vital pulp therapy

null

期刊论文

Etiology of invasive candidosis agents in Russia: a multicenter epidemiological survey

null

期刊论文

针对意外崩溃智能体的教练辅助多智能体强化学习框架

赵鉴1,赵有朋1,王维埙2,阳明宇1,胡迅晗1,周文罡1,郝建业2,李厚强1

期刊论文

preliminary version was presented at the 13th International Conference on Practical Applications of Agents

J. A. RINCON,J. BAJO,A. FERNANDEZ,V. JULIAN,C. CARRASCOSA

期刊论文

Safety issues of methylglyoxal and potential scavengers

Shiming LI, Siyu LIU, Chi-Tang HO

期刊论文